Archive for 02月, 2008

27
Feb

一大早打开google adsense,跃入眼前的是满篇英文字母。醒目的标题“Google AdSenseTM Online Standard Terms and Conditions”,内容记录如下:

Google AdSenseTM Online Standard Terms and Conditions

PLEASE READ VERY CAREFULLY THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS AND THE FAQ BEFORE REGISTERING FOR THE GOOGLE ADSENSE ONLINE PROGRAM. PARTICIPATION IN THE GOOGLE ADSENSE ONLINE PROGRAM INDICATES THAT YOU ACCEPT THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, PLEASE DO NOT REGISTER FOR OR PARTICIPATE IN THE GOOGLE ADSENSE ONLINE PROGRAM.

Introduction. This agreement (”Agreement“) between You and Google Inc. (”Google“) consists of these Google AdSense Online Program (the “Program“) Standard Terms and Conditions (”Terms and Conditions“). A description of the Program, as generally offered by Google, is available at the Program Frequently Asked Questions (”FAQ“) URL, located at https://www.google.com/adsense/faq, or such other URL as Google may provide from time to time. “You” or “Publisher” means any entity identified in an enrollment form submitted by the same or affiliated persons, and/or any agency or network acting on its (or their) behalf, which shall also be bound by the terms of this Agreement.

1. Program Participation. Participation in the Program is subject to Google’s prior approval and Your continued compliance with the Program Policies (”Program Policies“), located at https://www.google.com/adsense/policies, and/or such other URL as Google may provide from time to time. Google reserves the right to refuse participation to any applicant or participant at any time in its sole discretion. By enrolling in the Program, You represent that You are at least 18 years of age and agree that Google may serve (a) third party and/or Google provided advertisements and/or other content (such third party provided advertisements, Google provided advertisements and other content, collectively, “Ads“), provided, however, that if Google serves non-compensated content, You will have the ability to opt out of receiving such content as part of the Program, (b) related Google queries and/or Ad search box(es) (collectively, “Links”), (c) Google Web and/or Site search results (collectively, “Search Results“), and/or (d) Google referral Ads (“Referral Buttons”), each in connection with the Web site(s), media player(s), video content and/or mobile content that You designate, or such other properties expressly authorized in writing by Google (including by electronic mail) (such other properties, “Other Properties”), and the Atom, RSS, or other feeds distributed through such Web site(s) , media player(s), video content, mobile content and/or Other Properties (each such Web site, media player, video content, mobile content, Other Property or feed, a “Property“). For the avoidance of doubt, any reference in this Agreement or the Program Policies to an individual “Web page”, “Web site”, “Web site page” or the like that is part of the Property will also mean feeds and media players distributed through such Web site. Multiple accounts held by the same individual or entity are subject to immediate termination unless expressly authorized in writing by Google (including by electronic mail). In some circumstances expressly authorized in writing by Google (including by electronic mail), You may enroll in the Program and create an account for the sole purpose of receiving payment from Google, and not, for purposes of clarification, for the purpose of displaying Ads, Links, Search Results and/or Referral Buttons on a Property. If, however, You subsequently use your Account to participate in the Program (i.e. for the purpose of displaying Ads, Links, Search Results and/or Referral Buttons on a Property), then such use of the Program will be governed by the terms of this Agreement. You must have and abide by an appropriate privacy policy that clearly discloses that third parties may be placing and reading cookies on your users’ browser, or using web beacons to collect information, in the course of ads being served on your website. Your privacy policy should also include information about user options for cookie management.

2. Implementation and Operation of Ads, Search Results, and Referrals. You agree to comply with the specifications provided by Google from time to time to enable proper delivery, display, tracking, and reporting of Ads, Links, Search Results, Referral Buttons, and Google Brand Features (as defined in Section 12 below) in connection with Your Property(ies), including without limitation by not modifying the JavaScript or other programming provided to You by Google in any way, unless expressly authorized in writing by Google (including by electronic mail).

o AdSense for Search. If You have elected to receive Search Results, You will display on Your Property(ies) a Google search box (a “Search Box“) in accordance with the specifications provided by Google. Except for related Google queries, all search queries (including queries entered into an Ad search box) must originate from individual human end users inputting data directly into a Search Box (or Ad search box, as applicable) on Your Property(ies). You will send any and all queries (without editing, filtering, truncating, appending terms to or otherwise modifying such queries individually or in the aggregate) to Google and Google will use commercially reasonable efforts to provide You with corresponding Search Results and/or Ads, as applicable and as available. Search Results and any accompanying Ads will be displayed on Web pages that may be hosted by Google (each, a “Search Results Page“), and the format, look and feel of those Web pages hosted by Google may be modified by Google from time to time.

o AdSense for Content. All content and Property-based Ads (and Ads served in response to end user clicks on and queries entered into Links, if any) shall be grouped by Google and displayed with Links (where applicable) to end users of the Property(ies) as ad units (such groups of Ads and/or Links collectively referred to as “Ad Units“) in standard formats as offered generally by Google from time to time, as may be described in the FAQ. You may select a format approved by Google for the display of Ad Units in connection with the Property(ies), but You acknowledge and agree that Ads and/or Links: (i) shall only be displayed in connection with the Property(ies), each of which is subject to review and approval by Google in its discretion at any time; and (ii) shall be subject to the placement guidelines set forth herein.

o Referrals. If You have elected to use the Google AdSense Referrals feature, You will implement any Referral Buttons on Your Property(ies) in accordance with the specifications provided by Google. End users who click on a Referral Button will be directed to a Web page that may be hosted by Google (“Referral Page”), and the format, look and feel of those Web pages hosted by Google may be modified by Google from time to time. A “Referral Event” will be initiated when an end user clicks on a Referral Button from the Property and will be completed when the referral requirements for the relevant product are satisfied in accordance with this Agreement. Such referral requirements, along with the payment amount applicable to the Referral Event, are located at https://www.google.com/adsense/referrals, or such other URL as Google may provide from time to time. You agree to comply with the specifications provided by Google from time to time to enable proper tracking and reporting of Referral Events in connection with Your Property. You shall not promote or facilitate a Referral Event by any means other than displaying a Referral Button on the Property, unless expressly authorized in writing by Google (including by electronic mail).

o AdSense for Video. If you have elected to use AdSense for Video, Your participation is subject to your continued compliance with the AdSense for Video Program policies located at http://adsense.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=73987 or the URL as Google may provide from time to time. All Ads (including Ads served in response to end user clicks on and queries entered into Links, if any) shall be (1) grouped by Google and displayed with Links (where applicable) to end users of the Property(ies) as Ad Unit(s) or (2) pre-, post- or interstitial roll in connection with third party video content, in each case in standard formats as offered generally by Google from time to time, as may be further described in the applicable policies. You acknowledge and agree that the Ads will be displayed on the Property in a video format approved by Google, and that such Ads: (i) shall only be displayed in connection with the Property(ies) and non-advertisement video content (collectively “Video Media”), all of which is subject to review and approval by Google in its discretion at any time; and (ii) shall only be requested in connection with end user initiated Video Media. In addition, You agree that You may only display one (1) Ad Unit within Your media player at any single time, unless otherwise approved by Google in writing.

o General; Serviced Pages; Filtering; Beta Features. You agree not to display on the same Web page in connection with which any Ad Unit, Ad, Link, Search Box, or Referral Button is displayed (a “Serviced Page“) any advertisement(s) or content that an end user of Your Property(ies) would reasonably confuse with a Google advertisement or otherwise associate with Google. Certain Google services available as part of the Program may contain filtering capability, such as SafeSearch or AdSafe, that You may access through Your account. However, if You elect to enable any such filters, You acknowledge and agree that: (i) it is Your responsibility to enable such features in accordance with the specifications provided by Google, and (ii) Google does not and cannot commit that all results (including Ads, Links and Search Results) will be limited to results elected by enabling such filter(s). Some Program features are identified as “Beta” or otherwise unsupported (“Beta Features”). To the fullest extent permitted by law, Beta Features are provided “as is” and at Your option and risk. You shall not disclose to any third party any information from Beta Features, existence of non-public Beta Features or access to Beta Features. .

3. Communications Solely With Google. You agree to direct to Google, and not to any advertiser, any communication regarding any Ad(s) or Link(s) displayed in connection with Your Property(ies).

4. Parties’ Responsibilities. You are solely responsible for the Property(ies), including all content and materials, maintenance and operation thereof, the proper implementation of Google’s specifications, and adherence to the terms of this Agreement, including compliance with the Program Policies. Google reserves the right to investigate, at its own discretion, any activity that may violate this Agreement, including but not limited to any use of a software application to access Ads, Links, Search Results, or Referral Buttons or to complete any Referral Event, or any engagement in any activity prohibited by this Agreement. Google is not responsible for anything related to Your Property(ies), including without limitation the receipt of queries from end users of Your Property(ies) or the transmission of data between Your Property(ies) and Google. In addition, Google shall not be obligated to provide notice to You in the event that any Ad, Link, Search Result, or Referral Button is not being displayed properly to, or Referral Event is not being completed properly by, end users of the Property(ies).

5. Prohibited Uses. You shall not, and shall not authorize or encourage any third party to: (i) directly or indirectly generate queries, Referral Events, or impressions of or clicks on any Ad, Link, Search Result, or Referral Button (including without limitation by clicking on “play” for any video Ad) through any automated, deceptive, fraudulent or other invalid means, including but not limited to through repeated manual clicks, the use of robots or other automated query tools and/or computer generated search requests, and/or the unauthorized use of other search engine optimization services and/or software; (ii) edit, modify, filter, truncate or change the order of the information contained in any Ad, Link, Ad Unit, Search Result, or Referral Button, or remove, obscure or minimize any Ad, Link, Ad Unit, Search Result, or Referral Button in any way without authorization from Google; (iii) frame, minimize, remove or otherwise inhibit the full and complete display of any Web page accessed by an end user after clicking on any part of an Ad (”Advertiser Page“), any Search Results Page, or any Referral Page; (iv) redirect an end user away from any Advertiser Page, Search Results Page, or Referral Page; provide a version of the Advertiser Page, Search Results Page, or Referral Page that is different from the page an end user would access by going directly to the Advertiser Page, Search Results Page, or Referral Page; intersperse any content between the Ad and the Advertiser Page, between the page containing the Search Box and the Search Results Page, or between the Referral Button and the Referral Page; or otherwise provide anything other than a direct link from an Ad to an Advertiser Page, from the page containing the Search Box to the Search Results Page, or from the Referral Button to the Referral Page; (v) display any Ad(s), Link(s), or Referral Button(s) on any Web page or any Web site that contains any pornographic, hate-related, violent, or illegal content; (vi) directly or indirectly access, launch, and/or activate Ads, Links, Search Results, or Referral Buttons through or from, or otherwise incorporate the Ads, Links, Search Results, or Referral Buttons in, any software application, Web site, or other means other than Your Property(ies), and then only to the extent expressly permitted by this Agreement; (vii) “crawl”, “spider”, index or in any non-transitory manner store or cache information obtained from any Ads, Links, Search Results, or Referral Events, or any part, copy, or derivative thereto; (viii) act in any way that violates any Program Policies posted on the Google Web Site, as may be revised from time to time, or any other agreement between You and Google (including without limitation the Google AdWords program terms); (ix) disseminate malware; (x) create a new account to use the Program after Google has terminated this Agreement with You as a result of your breach of this Agreement; or (xi) engage in any action or practice that reflects poorly on Google or otherwise disparages or devalues Google’s reputation or goodwill. You acknowledge that any attempted participation or violation of any of the foregoing is a material breach of this Agreement and that we may pursue any and all applicable legal and equitable remedies against You, including an immediate suspension of Your account or termination of this Agreement, and the pursuit of all available civil or criminal remedies.

6. Termination; Cancellation. Subject to any third party agreements You may have with other Google customers (e.g., Your Web hosting company), You may stop displaying Ads, Links, Search Boxes, or Referral Buttons on any Property in the Program with or without cause at any time by removing the Google JavaScript or similar programming from Your Properties. You may terminate this Agreement with or without cause at any time by sending written notice of your desire to cancel Your participation in the Program to adsense-support@google.com. This Agreement will be deemed terminated within ten (10) business days of Google’s receipt of Your notice. Google may investigate any activity that may violate this Agreement. Google may at any time, in its sole discretion, terminate all or part of the Program, terminate this Agreement, or suspend or terminate the participation of any Property in all or part of the Program for any reason. In addition, Google reserves the right to terminate without notice any account that has not generated a sufficient number of valid clicks on Ads or Referral Buttons or valid impressions of Ads (in each case as measured by Google) for a period of two (2) months or more. Upon termination of participation of any Property in the Program or termination of this Agreement for any reason, Sections 3, 6 through 10, and 14 through 17 shall survive termination.

7. Confidentiality. You agree not to disclose Google Confidential Information without Google’s prior written consent. “Google Confidential Information” includes without limitation: (a) all Google software, technology, programming, specifications, materials, guidelines and documentation relating to the Program; (b) click-through rates or other statistics relating to Property performance in the Program provided to You by Google; and (c) any other information designated in writing by Google as “Confidential” or an equivalent designation. However, You may accurately disclose the amount of Google’s gross payments to You pursuant to the Program. Google Confidential Information does not include information that has become publicly known through no breach by You or Google, or information that has been (i) independently developed without access to Google Confidential Information, as evidenced in writing; (ii) rightfully received by You from a third party; or (iii) required to be disclosed by law or by a governmental authority.

8. No Guarantee. Google makes no guarantee regarding the level of impressions of Ads or clicks on any Ad or Referral Button, the timing of delivery of such impressions and/or clicks, the completion of Referral Events, or the amount of any payment to be made to You under this Agreement. In addition, for the avoidance of doubt, Google does not guarantee the Program will be operable at all times or during any down time (i) caused by outages to any public Internet backbones, networks or servers, (ii) caused by any failures of Your equipment, systems or local access services, (iii) for previously scheduled maintenance or (iv) relating to events beyond Google’s (or its wholly owned subsidiaries’) control such as strikes, riots, insurrection, fires, floods, explosions, war, governmental action, labor conditions, earthquakes, natural disasters, or interruptions in Internet services to an area where Google (or its wholly owned subsidiaries) or Your servers are located or co-located.

9. No Warranty. GOOGLE MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WITH RESPECT TO ADVERTISING, LINKS, SEARCH, REFERRALS, AND OTHER SERVICES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS THE WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TO THE EXTENT ADS, LINKS, AND SEARCH RESULTS ARE BASED ON OR DISPLAYED IN CONNECTION WITH NON-GOOGLE CONTENT, GOOGLE SHALL NOT HAVE ANY LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE DISPLAY OF SUCH ADS, LINKS, AND SEARCH RESULTS.

10. Limitations of Liability; Force Majeure. EXCEPT FOR ANY INDEMNIFICATION AND CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS HEREUNDER OR YOUR BREACH OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND/OR PROPRIETARY INTERESTS RELATING TO THE PROGRAM, (i) IN NO EVENT SHALL EITHER PARTY BE LIABLE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, EXEMPLARY, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES AND NOTWITHSTANDING ANY FAILURE OF ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY LIMITED REMEDY AND (ii) GOOGLE’S AGGREGATE LIABILITY TO PUBLISHER UNDER THIS AGREEMENT FOR ANY CLAIM IS LIMITED TO THE NET AMOUNT PAID BY GOOGLE TO PUBLISHER DURING THE THREE MONTH PERIOD IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE DATE OF THE CLAIM. Each party acknowledges that the other party has entered into this Agreement relying on the limitations of liability stated herein and that those limitations are an essential basis of the bargain between the parties. Without limiting the foregoing and except for payment obligations, neither party shall have any liability for any failure or delay resulting from any condition beyond the reasonable control of such party, including but not limited to governmental action or acts of terrorism, earthquake or other acts of God, labor conditions, and power failures.

11. Payment. You shall receive a payment related to the number of valid clicks on Ads, the number of valid impressions of Ads, the number of valid completions of Referral Events initiated through Referral Buttons displayed in connection with Your Property(ies), and/or other events performed in connection with the display of Ads on Your Property(ies), in each case as determined by Google for its participants in the Program. If You have elected to receive Search Results, this payment will be offset by fees applicable to Search Results. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties in writing (including by electronic mail), payments to You shall be sent by Google within approximately thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar month that Ads or Referral Buttons are running on Your Property or that Ads are running on Search Results Pages if Your earned balance is $100 or more. In the event the Agreement is terminated, Google shall pay Your earned balance to You within approximately ninety (90) days after the end of the calendar month in which the Agreement is terminated by You (following Google’s receipt of Your written request, including by email, to terminate the Agreement) or by Google. In no event, however, shall Google make payments for any earned balance less than $10. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Google shall not be liable for any payment based on: (a) any amounts which result from invalid queries, invalid Referral Events, or invalid clicks or impressions on Ads generated by any person, bot, automated program or similar device, as reasonably determined by Google, including without limitation through any clicks or impressions (i) originating from Your IP addresses or computers under Your control, (ii) solicited by payment of money, false representation, or request for end users to click on Ads, or (iii) solicited by payment of money, false representation, or any illegal or otherwise invalid request for end users to complete Referral Events; (b) Ads or Referral Buttons delivered to end users whose browsers have JavaScript disabled; (c) Ads benefiting charitable organizations and other placeholder or transparent Ads that Google may deliver; or (d) clicks co-mingled with a significant number of invalid clicks described in (a) above, or as a result of any breach of this Agreement by You for any applicable pay period. Google reserves the right to withhold payment or charge back Your account due to any of the foregoing or any breach of this Agreement by You, pending Google’s reasonable investigation of any of the foregoing or any breach of this Agreement by You, or in the event that an advertiser whose Ads are displayed in connection with Your Property(ies) defaults on payment for such Ads to Google. In addition, if You are past due on any payment to Google in connection with any Google program (including without limitation the Google AdWords program), Google reserves the right to withhold payment until all outstanding payments have been made or to offset amounts owed to You in connection with the Program by amounts owed by You to Google. To ensure proper payment, You are solely responsible for providing and maintaining accurate address and other contact information as well as payment information associated with Your account. For U.S. taxpayers, this information includes without limitation a valid U.S. tax identification number and a fully-completed Form W-9. For non-U.S. taxpayers, this information includes without limitation either a signed certification that the taxpayer does not have U.S. Activities (as described on the Google AdSense: Tax Information Page located at https://www.google.com/adsense/taxinfo, or such other URL as Google may provide from time to time) or a fully-completed Form W-8 or other form, which may require a valid U.S. tax identification number, as required by the U.S. tax authorities. Any bank fees related to returned or cancelled checks due to a contact or payment information error or omission may be deducted from the newly issued payment. You agree to pay all applicable taxes or charges imposed by any government entity in connection with Your participation in the Program. Google may change its pricing and/or payment structure at any time. If You dispute any payment made under the Program, You must notify Google in writing within thirty (30) days of any such payment; failure to so notify Google shall result in the waiver by You of any claim relating to any such disputed payment. Payment shall be calculated solely based on records maintained by Google. No other measurements or statistics of any kind shall be accepted by Google or have any effect under this Agreement. The payments made under this Agreement are for use by You only and may not be transferred or in any manner passed on to any third party (i.e., distributed to Properties managed by You that require separate payments) unless expressly authorized in writing by Google (including by electronic mail). From time to time Google may be holding funds, payments and other amounts due to You in connection with the AdSense Program. You acknowledge and agree that Google may, without further notice to You, contribute to a charitable organization selected by Google all funds, payments and other amounts related to the AdSense Program that are held by Google and that are due to you (if any), but which Google is unable to pay or deliver to You because Your account is Inactive (as defined below). “Inactive” means that, based on Google’s records: (a) for a period of two (2) years or more You have not logged into your account or accepted funds, payments or other amounts that Google has attempted to pay or deliver to You, and (b) Google has been unable to reach You, or has not received adequate payment instructions from You, after contacting You at the address shown in Google’s records.

12. Publicity. You agree that Google may use Your name and logo in presentations, marketing materials, customer lists, financial reports, Web site listings of customers, Search Results Pages, and Referral Pages. If You wish to use Google’s trade names, trademarks, service marks, logos, domain names, and other distinctive brand features (”Brand Features“), You may do so, so long as such use is in compliance with this Agreement and in compliance with Google’s then current Brand Feature use guidelines, and any content contained or referenced therein, which guidelines may be found at the following URL: http://www.google.com/permissions/guidelines.html (or such other URL Google may provide from time to time).

13. Representations and Warranties. You represent and warrant that (a) all of the information provided by You to Google to enroll in the Program is correct and current; (b) You are the owner of each Property or You are legally authorized to act on behalf of the owner of such Property(ies) for the purposes of this Agreement and the Program; (c) You have all necessary right, power, and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform the acts required of You hereunder; and (d) You have complied and will continue to comply with all applicable laws, statutes, ordinances, and regulations (including without limitation the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 and any relevant data protection or privacy laws) in Your performance of any acts hereunder. In addition, to the extent that Your Site is a media player (1) You represent and warrant that You have a valid license to use and distribute such media player (including all content therein, including without limitation any Ads or Ad Units) for the purposes of this Agreement and the Program; and (2) You shall ensure that any media player(s) that constitute the Site shall comply with the terms and conditions set forth herein. You further represent and warrant that each Property and any material displayed therein: (i) comply with all applicable laws, statutes, ordinances, and regulations; (ii) do not breach and have not breached any duty toward or rights of any person or entity including, without limitation, rights of intellectual property, publicity or privacy, or rights or duties under consumer protection, product liability, tort, or contract theories; and (iii) are not pornographic, hate-related or otherwise violent in content.

14. Your Obligation to Indemnify. You agree to indemnify, defend and hold Google, its agents, affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, and applicable third parties (e.g. relevant advertisers, syndication partners, licensors, licensees, consultants and contractors) (collectively “Indemnified Person(s)“) harmless from and against any and all third party claims, liability, loss, and expense (including damage awards, settlement amounts, and reasonable legal fees), brought against any Indemnified Person(s), arising out of, related to or which may arise from Your use of the Program, the Property(ies), and/or Your breach of any term of this Agreement.

15. Google Rights. You acknowledge that Google owns all right, title and interest, including without limitation all Intellectual Property Rights (as defined below), in and to the Program (including Google’s ad serving technology, search technology, referral technology, and Brand Features, including implied licenses, and excluding items licensed by Google from third parties and excluding any third party media player that may comprise the Property), and that You will not acquire any right, title, or interest in or to the Program except as expressly set forth in this Agreement. You will not modify, adapt, translate, prepare derivative works from, decompile, reverse engineer, disassemble or otherwise attempt to derive source code from any Google services, software, or documentation, or create or attempt to create a substitute or similar service or product through use of or access to the Program or proprietary information related thereto. You will not remove, obscure, or alter Google’s copyright notice, Brand Features, or other proprietary rights notices affixed to or contained within any Google services, software, or documentation (including without limitation the display of Google’s Brand Features with Ads, Links, Search Boxes, Search Results, and/or Referral Buttons, as applicable). “Intellectual Property Rights” means any and all rights existing from time to time under patent law, copyright law, semiconductor chip protection law, moral rights law, trade secret law, trademark law, unfair competition law, publicity rights law, privacy rights law, and any and all other proprietary rights, as well as, any and all applications, renewals, extensions, restorations and re-instatements thereof, now or hereafter in force and effect worldwide.

16. Information Rights. Google may retain and use, subject to the terms of the Google Privacy Policy (located at http://www.google.com/privacy.html, or such other URL as Google may provide from time to time), all information You provide, including but not limited to Property demographics and contact and billing information. You agree that Google may transfer and disclose to third parties personally identifiable information about You for the purpose of approving and enabling Your participation in the Program, including to third parties that reside in jurisdictions with less restrictive data laws than Your own. Google may also provide information in response to valid legal process, such as subpoenas, search warrants and court orders, or to establish or exercise its legal rights or defend against legal claims. Google disclaims all responsibility, and will not be liable to You, however, for any disclosure of that information by any such third party. Google may share non-personally-identifiable information about You, including Property URLs, Property-specific statistics and similar information collected by Google, with advertisers, business partners, sponsors, and other third parties. In addition, You grant Google the right to access, index and cache the Property(ies), or any portion thereof, including by automated means including Web spiders or crawlers.

17. Miscellaneous. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of California, except for its conflicts of laws principles. Any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be adjudicated in Santa Clara County, California. The parties specifically exclude from application to the Agreement the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. Any modifications to this Agreement must be made in a writing executed by both parties, by Your online acceptance of updated terms, or after Your continued participation in the Program after such terms have been updated by Google. The failure to require performance of any provision shall not affect a party’s right to require performance at any time thereafter, nor shall a waiver of any breach or default of this Agreement constitute a waiver of any subsequent breach or default or a waiver of the provision itself. If any provision herein is held unenforceable, then such provision will be modified to reflect the parties’ intention, and the remaining provisions of this Agreement will remain in full force and effect. You may not resell, assign, or transfer any of Your rights hereunder. Any such attempt may result in termination of this Agreement, without liability to Google. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Google may assign this Agreement to any affiliate at any time without notice. The relationship between Google and You is not one of a legal partnership relationship, but is one of independent contractors.

2008-02-25

22
Feb

为Drupal添加FCKeditor

Author: 比比巴儿

Drupal文章编辑器不太好用。
创建内容,没有可视化操作,也不支持UBB。
插入图片更加麻烦,
要用管理员进入 管理 - 输入格式
Filtered HTML 配制 - 设置
HTML 过滤器
允许的 HTML 标签:
添加一个 img 标签,保存设置。
才能在文章编辑器里用html插入图片。

为了方便编辑文章,
我们来给Drupal加个可视化编辑器FCKeditor。
首先去Drupal官方下载FCKeditor模块。
http://drupal.org/project/fckeditor
下载与你相应版本的模块。
上传至
/sites/all/modules/
然后登陆后台,管理 - 模块
Other
钩选 FCKeditor
保存设置,完成模块的启动。
但没有编辑器文件包。
然后去FCKeditor官方下载FCKeditor文件包。
http://www.fckeditor.net/download
上传至
/sites/all/modules/fckeditor/fckeditor/

注意fckeditor文件夹,
/sites/all/modules/fckeditor/ 是模块
/sites/all/modules/fckeditor/fckeditor/ 是文件包

管理 - 站点配置 - FCKeditor
可以设置FCKeditor的属性。
管理 - 用户管理 - 访问控制
fckeditor 模块 设置用户是否可以使用FCKeditor。
钩选以后,即可使用FCKeditor发表文章。
注:测试使用的是Drupal5.2 汉化版,
所有后台管理选项为中文菜单翻译。

12
Feb

部门经理是企业的中层管理干部,他们是企业的中坚力量,向上对企业的战略决策负责,充分理解和传达企业的战略决策,向下激发员工的积极性,鼓舞员工的士气,使员工的能力得到提高,业绩得到增长。

合格部门经理的特质

1.持续学习的热情

知识经济时代最为明显的特征就是知识爆炸。要想成为一名合格的部门经理,就必须结合自己部门工作的特点,不断补充丰富专业知识,不断学习借鉴同行经验,在提高专业知识水平的同时,也应该不断补充学习一些管理知识,比如财务管理、人力资源管理、时间管理、绩效管理、团队管理、项目管理等。

2.高度的执行力

部门经理在企业的管理结构里,处于中间位置,起着上传下达的桥梁作用,其执行力的强弱是验证其能力水平的重要指标之一。要想成为一名合格的部门经理,就必须具备较强的执行力,严格执行企业的决策、领导的指示和其他临时性的工作安排,使企业的任何决策都能通过部门经理传达到基层员工,并通过部门经理与员工的共同努力,取得好的结果。要提高执行力,部门经理必须做好以下几点:①认真理解领会领导的意图;②与领导确认自己对他的有关指示和安排的理解;③对领导的指示和安排进行有效的分解;④把所分解的工作安排给合适的员工,并制定具体的工作措施计划和检查计划;⑤与员工保持持续不断的沟通,并与员工一起,共同努力,把每项工作措施计划落实到位;⑥与员工一起总结工作成果,并形成工作总结,向公司领导汇报;⑦对下属员工在工作中表现出来的优秀特质进行鼓励,肯定他们的成绩,使员工得到激励和认可。

3.高资源整合能力

当企业的一项工作安排给某个部门经理的时候,部门经理应充分考虑自己有哪些可供使用的资源,比如:人力资源、财务资源、时间资源、领导支持资源、其他部门的合作资源,等等,一个合格的部门经理,应能够把这些资源有效地整合起来,使之发挥综合效力,从而使领导的工作安排得到有效的落实。

4.有效授权

我们的一些部门经理通常只关心如何给员工安排工作,而不考虑职责和权限是否匹配。要想成为一名合格的部门经理,就必须研究如何对员工进行有效的授权,通过授权,使员工的职责和权限相匹配,使员工的能力在实际的工作中得到提高。

5.不断创新

一个仅仅知道按领导意图办事的部门经理肯定不是一个合格的部门经理。而一个合格的部门经理则除了完成领导的指示之外,自己还要时刻考虑该如何创新的问题,一个合格的部门经理一定是一个经常让领导做选择题(不断提出方案,请领导做出选择)而不是做问答题(事事都请示)的经理。所以,要想成为一个合格的部门经理,就必须结合本部门的工作,对未来的发展做到有效地规划,并把这些规划与企业的管理层进行有效的沟通,不断对工作进行创新,不断谋求进步。

创新从以下几个方面入手

A认真解读企业的战略目标和年度经营计划,要充分解读企业的战略目标和年度经营计划。通过解读,部门经理要弄清楚这样几个问题:为完成企业战略和年度经营计划,本部门/团队承担的主要职责是什么?为完成这些职责,本部门/团队需要的资源和支持是什么?如何分解并向员工传达这些目标任务?为帮助员工实现目标,自己又该做哪些努力等等。

B重新定义员工的工作,在充分解读企业战略目标和年度计划之后,接下来部门经理要做的工作就是与员工一起重新定义他们的工作。部门经理一定要做好职位说明书的后续管理工作,把职位说明书用起来,并在使用的过程中不断修订和完善。

C帮助员工制定关键绩效指标(KPI),一个合格的部门经理,首先就是要把自己的期望告诉员工。而要做到这一点,最好的办法就是把员工未来一段时间的绩效目标——关键绩效指标告诉他们。

D辅导帮助员工提高绩效能力,确定关键绩效指标以后,部门经理应时刻关注员工的绩效目标的执行状况,结合员工的具体情况对他们进行有针对性的辅导,提供必需的资源和领导支持,帮助他们清除前进过程中的障碍,创造一个积极和谐的工作环境,使员工在实现绩效目标的同时提高能力和技能,做好挑战更高目标的准备。

E考核员工的表现并及时反馈,在制定绩效目标的时候,与员工约定好完成日期,也就是考核期限。当约定时间到来的时候,部门经理应及时对员工的绩效做出考核评价,并对员工进行反馈。

F帮助员工制定绩效改进计划,制定绩效改进计划一方面是帮助员工提高能力,一方面是为下一绩效周期做好准备,使人力资本的功能得到充分的发挥。当绩效反馈完成后,部门经理和员工双方对员工存在的不足达成了共识,那么,就要根据员工的特点制定针对性的改进计划,以帮助员工在未来的时间内做得更好。

12
Feb

该如何进行职业规划?

Author: 比比巴儿

许多人的职业经历告诉我们,要进行精准的职业规划是十分困难的,因为现实是“变化往往比规划快”。 因为很难进行精准的职业规划,就否认职业规划的重要性显然是不对的。而应该思考另一个问题,该如何进行职业规划?以下是我的几点心得,愿与读者分享,欢迎交流。

首先我认为,人必须拥有一个终极目标,所谓的终极目标可能是某一个具体的职业形象,也可能是一种积极向上的生存(生活和工作)状态。每一个人都可以拥有自己的人生目标,只要这个目标不要有违法律、道德伦理等社会规范,那就应该是一个好目标。比如,“成为一名科学家”或“成为一名作家”就是人生目标的一种。又比如,“一定要成为一名对社会有用的人”也是一个很好的终极目标。对于一个成年人来说,后者也许更现实,更能把我们引向美好的未来。对年轻人来说,如果自己不知道到底未来喜欢做什么,建议多读一些名人传记,也许能够从中悟到一些关于人生目标或价值方面的道理。我在日本留学期间,读了不少名人传记,有政治家,有企业家,也有科学家。在读到一些企业家传记的时候,我经常会无比亢奋,因此发现自己在企业管理方面的兴趣依然浓厚,觉得企业家的生活浪漫而充实,并且能够通过知识、智慧、经验或者财富让更多的人甚至社会变得更美好。

其次,为了实现人生目标,要养成良好的生活和工作习惯,在任何时候都必须全力以赴,绝不荒废自己有限的时间。即便面对自己不喜欢的任务,也应该积极快乐地全力付出。我不太喜欢自己所学专业,可是我却为之“认真付出了十年(注:用60%的时间把“主业、专业”做得比别人好,并用剩下的时间去关注自己喜欢的东西,花很多时间去和企业家交流。 在我们那个年代,个人基本上没有选择专业的自由,都是国家安排。对自己的“主业,即专业”,我没有因为不喜欢而放弃追求,在大阪大学攻读硕士、博士学位期 间,一共在欧美权威杂志上发表了六篇论文,超额完成了获得博士学位所需三篇论文的最低要求。在理光的时候,经常有员工问我,“不喜欢做什么,而喜欢做什 么,能否调动?”,我会诚恳地告诉他,只有你把现在不喜欢的事情做好(得到领导和同事认可),才有资格提喜欢做什么和调动的事。我们都赞同“是金子,在哪里都会发光”这样一个浅显的道理。因此,对于一个成年人来说,“没有做好是因为不喜欢”是说不过去的。

第三,每当机会来临的时候,要做出现实而正确的选择。这种选择要基于对自身内外部条件的理性判断,而不能人云亦云。有条件的话,可以学习使用战略分析工具(SWOT分析表)对自己进行一次透彻的分析,以便全面了解自己的优势、弱势、风险、未来发展机会以及自己的兴趣等等。在做选择的时候,人们要学会拥有个人和社会价值最大化的 视角。因为人们往往会患得患失,比如考虑专业对口的问题以及难舍其他既得利益(现有的职位和待遇)。即便在现在,有人会问我,你放弃专业是否很可惜,而我 却不那么认为,攻读硕士博士的目的主要不是吸取知识,而是学习训练解决问题的思想和方法。对于我的离开理光高管职位自己创业,也有人(包括亲友)表示没有 必要。因此,在选择的时候还需要有超前的眼光、冒险的精神以及选择可能失败后的承受力。

都说兴趣是最好的老师,如果一个人能够做对社会有价值而又是自己喜欢的事情,你就可以永远享受“激情燃烧的岁月”!

综上所述,我建议的职业规划公式如下:

成功的职业人生 = 积极向上的人生目标x今天的全力以赴x现实正确的选择。

12
Feb

做一个微笑的领导

Author: 比比巴儿

————-如果一个人是正确的,他的世界也就是正确的

从下面几个方面要求做一个微笑的领导者

一、失去控制使管理者处于劣势,所以要微笑
     怒会会让你失去应有的理智,一个总给人带来紧张不快的人只能让自己孤立,就连亲朋好友也会对你不耐烦。

二、换位思考  一定要笑
      换个位置想想,当你有过错时,你希望别人如何对你发脾气呢?用换位的方式来想事情,你会很容易地变得心平气和、和蔼可亲。

三、展示你的个人魅力——微笑
      有些人能受到别人的注意,他们说话有人听,能得到提升,得到资助,而且当他们迷路时能得到路人主动提供的帮助。而工作一样努力,富有同样的才华,并且容貌 也不差的其他一些人,为取得相似的结果却必须艰苦奋斗。这两个群体的不同之处通常在于前者拥有足够的个人魅力以使得自己受到别人的注意。这里所使用的个人 魅力这一术语指包括魅力和领袖气质特点在内的迷人的、鼓舞人心的个性。
个人魅力给你带来的好处至少有如下几条:
(1)它可增强并改善你与下属的关系;
(2)它能使你有目的地影响你的员工;
(3)它可以帮助你建立权利基础;
(4)它可以增强你的自尊心和自信心;
(5)它可以帮助你给员工带来欢乐和慰藉;
(6)它可以增强你的领导和管理效果。

四、扮靓你的领导形象
       领导者绝对不能忽视良好的自我形象和积极的心态,为了保持一个良好的形象,做好一下几点对你来说会有帮助:
(1)形象和态度的联系。如果不保持良好的自我形象,态度就会受伤害。请接受这一前提。即使你不在意你的下属怎样看你,也应在意自己怎样看自己,因为这对你心态很重要。
(2)改善服饰。对如何穿衣服以及如何协调不同时尚饰品和颜色等,给予更多的注意力。尽可能做出最佳“领导宣言”。
(3)发型、化妆。在发型、面部化妆等方面花更多时间。
(4)显示健康。花时间进行锻炼。很多方面都能创造更健康的形象,例如举止得体、保护牙齿、控制体重、合理饮食等。
(5)保持自我。不要受他人和媒体过分影响。对自己应该是何种形象,你的公司适合什么样的形象,应该坚持自己的看法。按照自己的方式来与众不同。
“请记住,无论发生什么事情,或好或坏,它也一定发生在别人身上,他们都能解决,你也一定能解决。”菲尔兹自信地去面对所有的问题。

五、与下属反面思考  
     有些领导者成功的运用“反面技巧”来保持和增强乐观的心态。当消极的事情进入他们的生活时,他们立刻把问题翻个面,寻找在另一面上存在的任何幽默之处。当这成功了,这些聪明的领导者就能使自己的积极态度所收到的消极影响最小化。
      当你的下属惹你生气时,当你准备对他们发火时,你最好先静一静,想一想你如果是他,会不会干得更好呢?你如果是他,什么样的话才能使自己在接下来的工作中 改正错误更努力地工作呢?与下属换个位置思考一下,你会发现许多问题将变得简单,你与下属的紧张关系也会改善。

六、用“使命宣言”鞭笞你和你的员工
      我们每个人的心中都存有继续向前的使命感,努力奋斗是每个人的责任,管理者更是如此。
  在你认清自己的使命后,不妨将他们写下来,成为“使命宣言”,写下你的使命,你的身份、工作,把它当作是你的个人宣言或人生宣言,成为你做一切事情的准则,你也可以建议你的下属这么做。

七、打造幽默的领导力
      分析几点常规心理也说明幽默的重要性:    
       错误1、身为领导人若老是随时幽默一下,别人就不把我当一回事了。
        工作时态度认真,当然很重要······但自己的态度不要太严肃,同样很重要。席伯特是JC培尼公司前任总执行长和董事长,他曾说过:
        “几乎我认识的每一位在组织内属高层的人士以及执行总裁,都有极高度的幽默感。我见识过多家公司几千次会议,谈的都是严肃的主题,但是将它们共同贯穿起来 会觉得很幽默。有幽默感,可以帮助你在处理纯粹技术性的资讯,或是在情况不甚明朗的困难决策时,保持清醒的头脑。”
         换句话说,你不必有一副道貌岸然的面孔,一样可以做个认真做事的专业人员。
         错误2、有幽默感表示你不够专业:盈亏应该摆在玩笑前面。
         其实,盈亏和幽默不相抵触的。
         (1)多开玩笑,有益健康!
         (2)“紧张”和“疲乏”已成为80后族朗朗上口的名词
         错误3、所谓有幽默感,就是讲笑话。
          虽然笑话是的传达幽默感的一个方法,但不是唯一方法。除了笑话之外,还有成千上万种方法可以带来笑容。因此,若讲笑话不是你的特长,或不适合在工作时打诨,那么,还有别的方法可循。下面的4点提示供你参考:
        (1)视情况在文书及会议中增添幽默——-例如碰到一个麻烦的问题,或是好像无解的僵局时,引用一句伍迪艾伦的挖苦,可能有拨云见日之效—- —“与历史上各个时代相比之下,现在人类面临着一个更打的十字路口,一条通往绝望、无奈;另一条通往灭亡。让我们祈祷有足够的智慧、正确地做选择。”
        (2)已幽默为工具,而非武器。调侃自己能够建立信心,拉近彼此的距离,一起嘲讽大家共有的难题。取消别人会摧毁信心,拆散合作的队伍。挑出某些人或团体作“箭靶子”亦然。
         (3)在企业文化内注入幽默元素。现在已经有愈来愈多的成功企业,在推行我前面所所的行动。西南航空总裁凯勒赫,就带头调捣蛋、插科打诨出名。柯达公司也 很能“进入情况”,在公司内设了间“幽默室”,激发大家的创意和发明。班与杰瑞公司也设立了一个“开心委员会”,哪个员工有点子可以教大家工作时更开心, 都可以得到“开心奖”。
        (4)幽默的底线。我很喜欢从彼得斯那里听来的一句话:工作的第一号前提是:绝不呆板、无聊、而是应该好玩。若不好玩,你就在浪费生命。请你以身作则,认真对待工作,轻松对待自己,为工作环境营造出幽默气氛。
 
         八、把积极的态度与员工共享
         当员工的行为使你灰心丧气时,你可能会很想好好教训他们一顿,这是可以理解的。但是,若给他们一点你的积极态度,会是更好的做法。当你这样做时,就使别人替你调整了态度。
         当你把自己的积极态度部分给与他人时,就会创造一种共生关系。接受方会感觉很好,而你也会如此。你可以靠给与他人积极态度来保持积极,这很有趣便确实如此。

好了,以上是本人听前辈们指导和演讲得来的经验精华,跟大家分享是因为感觉我们中国企业留不住人才而还在大声的喊企业缺乏人才的悲伤,中国不缺乏人才,缺乏的是领导者态度的改变和处理事情的方式方法,呼吁中国人强====才有中国企业强=====才有中国强。

5
Feb

Cookie与浏览器的关系

Author: 比比巴儿

Cookie在英文中是小甜品的意思,而这个词我们总能在浏览器中看到,食品怎么会跟浏览器扯上关系呢?在你浏览以前登陆过的网站时可能会在网页中 出现:你好XX,感觉很亲切,就好像是吃了一个小甜品一样。这其实是通过访问你主机里边的一个文件来实现的,因此这个文件也就被称为了Cookie。想全 面了解Cookie吗?看看下文吧!

一、了解Cookie 适用对象:初级读者

Cookie是当你浏览某网站时,网站存储在你机器上的一个小文本文件,它记录了你的用户ID,密码、浏览过的网页、停留的时间等信息,当你再次来 到该网站时,网站通过读取Cookie,得知你的相关信息,就可以做出相应的动作,如在页面显示欢迎你的标语,或者让你不用输入ID、密码就直接登录等 等。你可以在IE的“工具/Internet选项”的“常规”选项卡中,选择“设置/查看文件”,查看所有保存到你电脑里的Cookie。这些文件通常是 以user@domain格式命名的,user是你的本地用户名,domain是所 访问的网站的域名。如果你使用NetsCape浏览器,则存放在“C:\PROGRAMFILES\NETSCAPE\USERS\”里面,与IE不同的 是,NETSCAPE是使用一个Cookie文件记录所有网站的Cookies。

为了保证上网安全我们需要对Cookie进行适当设置。打开“工具/Internet选项”中的“隐私”选项卡(注意该设置只在IE6.0中存在, 其他版本IE可以在“工具/Internet选项”的“安全”标签中单击“自定义级别”按钮,进行简单调整),调整Cookie的安全级别。通常情况,可 以将滑块调整到“中高”或者“高”的位置。多数的论坛站点需要使用Cookie信息,如果你从来不去这些地方,可以将安全级调到“阻止所有 Cookies”。如果只是为了禁止个别网站的Cookie,可以单击“编辑”按钮,将要屏蔽的网站添加到列表中。在“高级”按钮选项中,你可以对第一方 Cookie和第三方的Cookie进行设置,第一方Cookie是你正在浏览的网站的Cookie,第三方Cookie非正在浏览的网站发给你的 Cookie,通常要对第三方Cookie选择“拒绝”。你如果需要保存Cookie,可以使用IE的“导入导出”功能,打开“文件/导入导出”,按提示 操作即可。

Cookie中的内容大多数经过了加密处理,因此在我们看来只是一些毫无意义的字母数字组合,只有服务器的CGI处理程序才知道它们真正的含义。通 过一些软件我们可以查看到更多的内容,使用Cookie Pal软件查看到的Cookie信息,如图2所示。它为我们提供了Server、Expires、Name、value等选项的内容。其中,Server 是存储Cookie的网站,Expires记录了Cookie的时间和生命期,Name和value字段则是具体的数据。

二、Cookie的传递流程 适用对象:中级读者

当在浏览器地址栏中键入了一个Web站点的URL,浏览器会向该Web站点发送一个读取网页的请求,并将结果在显示器上显示。这时该网页在你的电脑 上寻找Amazon网站设置的Cookie文件,如果找到,浏览器会把Cookie文件中的数据连同前面输入的URL一同发送到Amazon服务器。服务 器收到Cookie数据,就会在他的数据库中检索你的ID,你的购物记录、个人喜好等信息,并记录下新的内容,增加到数据库和Cookie文件中去。如果 没有检测到Cookie或者你的Cookie信息与数据库中的信息不符合,则说明你是第一次浏览该网站,服务器的CGI程序将为你创建新的ID信息,并保 存到数据库中。

Cookie是利用了网页代码中的HTTP头信息进行传递的,浏览器的每一次网页请求,都可以伴随Cookie传递,例如,浏览器的打开或刷新网页 操作。服务器将Cookie添加到网页的HTTP头信息中,伴随网页数据传回到你的浏览器,浏览器会根据你电脑中的Cookie设置选择是否保存这些数 据。如果浏览器不允许Cookie保存,则关掉浏览器后,这些数据就消失。Cookie在电脑上保存的时间是不一样的,这些都是由服务器的设置不同决定 得。Cookie有一个Expires(有效期)属性,这个属性决定了Cookie的保存时间,服务器可以通过设定Expires字段的数值,来改变 Cookie的保存时间。如果不设置该属性,那么Cookie只在浏览网页期间有效,关闭浏览器,这些Cookie自动消失,绝大多数网站属于这种情况。 通常情况下,Cookie包含Server、Expires、Name、value这几个字段,其中对服务器有用的只是Name和value字段, Expires等字段的内容仅仅是为了告诉浏览器如何处理这些Cookies。

三、Cookie的编程实现 适用对象:高级读者

多数网页编程语言都提供了对Cookie的支持。如javascript、VBScript、Delphi、ASP、SQL、PHP、C#等。在这 些面向对象的编程语言中,对Cookie的编程利用基本上是相似的,大体过程为:先创建一个Cookie对象(Object),然后利用控制函数对 Cookie进行赋值、读取、写入等操作。那么如何通过代码来获取其他用户Cookie中的敏感信息?下面进行简单的介绍。

该方法主要有两步,首先要定位你需要收集Cookie的网站,并对其进行分析,并构造URL;然后编制收集Cookie的PHP代码,并将其放到你可以控制的网站上,当不知情者单击了你构造的URL后可以执行该PHP代码。

四、Cookie的安全问题 适用对象:所有希望上网安全的读者

1.Cookie欺骗

Cookie记录着用户的帐户ID、密码之类的信息,如果在网上传递,通常使用的是MD5方法加密。这样经过加密处理后的信息,即使被网络上一些别 有用心的人截获,也看不懂,因为他看到的只是一些无意义的字母和数字。然而,现在遇到的问题是,截获Cookie的人不需要知道这些字符串的含义,他们只 要把别人的Cookie向服务器提交,并且能够通过验证,他们就可以冒充受害人的身份,登陆网站。这种方法叫做Cookie欺骗。Cookie欺骗实现的 前提条件是服务器的验证程序存在漏洞,并且冒充者要获得被冒充的人的Cookie信息。目前网站的验证程序要排除所有非法登录是非常困难的,例如,编写验 证程序使用的语言可能存在漏洞。而且要获得别人Cookie是很容易的,用支持Cookie的语言编写一小段代码就可以实现(具体方法见三),只要把这段 代码放到网络里,那么所有人的Cookie都能够被收集。如果一个论坛允许HTML代码或者允许使用Flash标签就可以利用这些技术收集Cookie的 代码放到论坛里,然后给帖子取一个吸引人的主题,写上有趣的内容,很快就可以收集到大量的Cookie。在论坛上,有许多人的密码就被这种方法盗去的。至 于如何防范,目前还没有特效药,我们也只能使用通常的防护方法,不要在论坛里使用重要的密码,也不要使用IE自动保存密码的功能,以及尽量不登陆不了解底 细的网站。

2.Flash的代码隐患

Flash中有一个getURL()函数,Flash可以利用这个函数自动打开指定的网页。因此它可能把你引向一个包含恶意代码的网站。打个比方, 当你在自己电脑上欣赏精美的Flash动画时,动画帧里的代码可能已经悄悄地连上网,并打开了一个极小的包含有特殊代码的页面。这个页面可以收集你的 Cookie、也可以做一些其他的事情,比如在你的机器上种植木马甚至格式化你的硬盘等等。对于Flash的这种行为,网站是无法禁止的,因为这是 Flash文件的内部行为。我们所能做到的,如果是在本地浏览尽量打开防火墙,如果防火墙提示的向外发送的数据包并不为你知悉,最好禁止。如果是在 Internet上欣赏,最好找一些知名的大网站。

2
Feb

此问题出现在Windows Server 2003系统。
1:事件查看器显示:

应用程序-特定 权限设置未将 COM 服务器应用程序(CLSID 为
{BA126AD1-2166-11D1-B1D0-00805FC1270E}
)的 本地 激活 权限授予用户 NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE SID (S-1-5-20)。可以使用组件服务管理工具修改此安全权限。

有关更多信息,请参阅在 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp 的帮助和支持中心。

2:解决方法也十分简单。打开控制面板,进入管理工具文件夹,双击打开组件服务,然后依此展开组件服务–计算机–我的电脑–DCOM配置
接着在右侧出现的项目中,找到“netman”,右键点击“属性”。

3:接下来,在打开的属性对话框里,选择“安全”选项卡。

4:然后选择第一项“启动和激活权限”–自定义,点编辑。
进入启动权限设置,添加一个新用户“NETWORK SERVICE”,给予“本地启动”和“本地激活”的权限,确定以后,至此问题彻底解决。这之前网上找了很多都是说由于IIS引起的,事实上我这台服务器根本就没有安装IIS的服务。

问题补充

也许会有朋友发现,在进行第二步操作时,右键没办法看到”属性”。一般出现这种情况都是服务里面的”Distributed Transaction Coordinator”意外停止。
事件查看器显示内容为:

QUOTE:

Windows 不能在 本地计算机 启动 Distributed Transaction Coordinator。有关更多信息,查阅系统事件日志。如果这是非 Microsoft 服务,请与服务厂商联系,并参考特定服务错误代码 -1073737712。

要解决这个问题也很简单,把\WINDOWS\system32\dtclog 这个目录重命名,然后重新建立该目录。
开始菜单-运行:cmd。在命令行下输入: msdtc -resetlog
然后 Distributed Transaction Coordinator 就可以启动了。